EU Scrutinizes Apple’s iPhone Interoperability with Watches and Headphones

European Commission Opens New Proceedings Against Apple Under DMA

The European Commission has initiated new proceedings under the Digital Markets Act (DMA) aimed at guiding Apple in meeting its interoperability obligations. These proceedings focus specifically on Apple's iOS and iPadOS and are expected to conclude within six months.

Understanding Interoperability Obligations

As per the DMA, Apple is mandated to ensure "free and effective interoperability" with hardware and software features controlled by its iOS and iPadOS systems. The European Union intends to clarify what this entails to ensure compliance.

Insights from Margrethe Vestager

Outgoing EU competition chief Margrethe Vestager stated, "Today is the first time we use specification proceedings under the DMA to guide Apple towards effective compliance with its interoperability obligations through constructive dialogue." She emphasized the importance of fostering fair and open digital markets, noting that effective interoperability, especially with smartphones and their operating systems, plays a crucial role in this landscape.

First Specification Proceeding: Focus on Devices

The first of the two specification proceedings will delve into how Apple's iOS handles interoperability with various devices, including headphones, smartwatches, and virtual reality headsets. Key aspects under scrutiny will involve notifications, device pairing, and connectivity.

Although the EU has not explicitly stated the issues they hope to address, there are existing complaints, particularly regarding AirPods' lack of true Bluetooth multipoint capabilities. Additionally, Garmin watch users have faced difficulties sending quick replies when paired with iPhones. While AirPods might not be directly in focus, the ongoing dialogue will determine which technological impacts are addressed.

Second Specification Proceeding: Developer Requests

The second proceeding will examine how Apple is managing interoperability requests from third-party developers looking to integrate their products into iOS and iPadOS platforms. In a statement to Bloomberg, Apple acknowledged that it has created secure methods for developers to request additional interoperability, warning that undermining these protective systems could jeopardize European consumer safety.

Next Steps for Compliance

The European Commission plans to communicate its preliminary findings to Apple, outlining the necessary measures the tech giant should adopt to comply with the DMA’s interoperability obligations. A summary of these findings will also be released for feedback from third parties.

If Apple fails to comply, it may face hefty fines, potentially amounting to 10 percent of its global annual turnover. However, this step would only follow a protracted investigation into non-compliance.

Background on Apple's Gatekeeper Status

In September 2022, Apple was designated as a "gatekeeper"—a label given to major tech platforms responsible for critical services that can influence market competition. Apple joined the ranks of other industry heavyweights such as Microsoft, Meta, Amazon, and Alphabet.

Conclusion

The ongoing proceedings under the DMA mark a significant step towards ensuring that Apple maintains interoperability with third-party devices and services, enhancing user experience and fostering competition in the digital marketplace.