Solución de problemas de un Mac que no arranca: Soluciones simples

Troubleshooting Your Mac: A Comprehensive Guide to Boot Issues

If your Mac suddenly refuses to boot up properly, it can be a frustrating experience. However, there's no need to head to an Apple Store immediately. There are several simple tricks that you can try to get everything up and running again. This guide will walk you through what to do if your computer starts but shows a blank screen, possible actions if you see symbols on the screen, or if the Mac doesn’t start at all.

Always Backup Your Mac

Before diving into troubleshooting, it's crucial to remind yourself of the importance of regularly backing up your data on macOS. Having a reliable backup can save you from data loss if you eventually need to replace your system drive or your entire computer.

Your Computer Starts But Displays a Blank Screen

1. Try a Restart

If your Mac shows signs of life during the boot process but only displays a blank screen, start by trying a simple restart:

• Press and hold the power button until the Mac turns off; this may take up to 10 seconds.
• Then press and release the power button to start the system again.

If your restart does not resolve the issue, proceed to the macOS Recovery console.

2. Access macOS Recovery Console

Getting to the Recovery console depends on the model of your Mac:

On Newer Macs with Apple Silicon Chipsets:

• Press and hold the power button until the Mac turns off.
• Hold the power button until you see the startup options screen showing a startup disk icon and a settings icon.
• Select "Options" and then click "Continue".

On Older Intel Macs:

• Press and hold the power button until the Mac turns off.
• Press and release the power button to boot the system again.
• As soon as the boot starts, press and hold Cmd + R until you see the Apple logo or spinning globe.

You may need to connect to a Wi-Fi network or Ethernet cable. You should now see a list of utilities including the option to reinstall macOS or restore from a backup.

3. Utilize Disk Utility

From the utilities available, select Disk Utility, a tool for checking and repairing disks:

• Choose "View" > "Show All Devices".
• Select your startup disk (usually named "Macintosh HD"). If there are multiple volumes, pick the lowest one.
• Click on "First Aid" and then "Run".
• Repeat the process for each volume on your disk.

If your startup disk doesn't appear, you might need professional help. Refer to Apple's official Disk Utility support for more information.

4. Boot Up in Safe Mode

You can load macOS in Safe Mode, which starts the operating system with a limited number of apps and background processes:

• While in Safe Mode, you can investigate software issues or crashes.
• However, it’s more effective to use Disk Utility for troubleshooting boot issues.

5. Perform a Full Reinstall of macOS

If the previous steps failed, reinstallation may be the next option. From the utilities, choose "Reinstall macOS" and follow the on-screen instructions. Your apps and data should remain intact after reinstallation.

For a complete wipe and fresh installation, utilize Disk Utility to erase the disk before reinstalling macOS.

Your Computer Shows Symbols Onscreen

Sometimes during the booting process, you might see symbols instead of a blank screen, such as:

• A question mark
• A circle with a line through it
• A globe with an alert symbol
• The Apple logo

These symbols indicate different types of problems. Typically, you will want to check Apple's support pages for specific troubleshooting steps, starting with Disk Utility.

Your Computer Doesn’t Start At All

If your Mac shows no signs of life (no lights, no whirring), consider the following:

• Ensure your Mac is connected to power and using a functioning power cable. Try a different cable if necessary.
• Remove all non-essential peripherals.
• Press and hold the power button until off, then press it again to restart.

If issues persist, consider resetting the System Management Controller (SMC), though it requires specific instructions based on your Mac model.

After exhausting these troubleshooting steps, contacting Apple Support is advisable. You can reach out via live chat, phone calls, or book appointments for in-person assistance.

Conclusion

Boot issues with your Mac can often be solved with simple troubleshooting steps. Always back up your data, and when technical issues arise, methodically go through these troubleshooting options to find a solution.